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black phoebe
The black phoebe (''Sayornis nigricans'') is a passerine bird in the tyrant-flycatcher family. It breeds from southwest Oregon and California south through Central and South America. It occurs year-round throughout most of its range and migrates less than the other birds in its genus, though its northern populations are partially migratory. Six subspecies are commonly recognized, although two are occasionally combined as a separate species, the white-winged phoebe.
The black phoebe has predominantly black plumage, with a white belly and undertail coverts. The sexes are identical in color, and juveniles have brown feather tips and brown wing-bars. Its song is a repeated ''tee-hee, tee ho''. It lives in a variety of habitats but is always near water. It is mainly insectivorous and waits on a perch before flying out and catching its prey in the air. It makes an open cup nest which is placed under a cliff or a bridge and cemented in its place with mud.
== Description ==
The black phoebe is a medium-sized flycatcher, being in length and weighing . It has predominantly black plumage, with white on its belly and undertail coverts. The white forms an inverted "V" in the lower breast. The sexes are identical and plumage does not vary seasonally. Juveniles have browner plumage, cinnamon-brown feather tips on their body, and brown wing-bars. The bird has brown irises and black legs, feet, and beak.
The phoebe can be recognized by a characteristic "tail-wagging" motion, in which the tail is lowered and fanned.〔Terres (1980), p. 392〕 It accomplishes almost all locomotion by flight, which is direct, with steady wing beats. Its song consists of two alternating phrases (''tee-hee, tee-ho'' or ''sisee, sitsew''). The song can be heard from both sexes, but is more commonly sung by males.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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